Tetradrachm In the name of Alexander III,Odessos, ΞEN

Historical Context: This silver tetradrachm, issued by the city of Odessos between 80 BC and 70 BC, represents a fascinating continuation of Alexander III's numismatic legacy centuries after his death. Odessos, a prominent Greek colony on the Pontic coast, maintained a strong economic identity through trade. The issuance of coinage in Alexander's name, specifically featuring the ΞEN monogram, underscores the enduring prestige and widespread acceptance of his coinage type as a regional currency standard, even as Roman influence began to permeate the Hellenistic world, marking a late period of regional autonomy.

Artistry: The design adheres to the established Hellenistic stylistic tradition for Alexander-type tetradrachms. The obverse typically features a powerful depiction of Herakles, often interpreted as a deified portrait of Alexander himself, wearing the Nemean lion-skin headdress. The reverse presents Zeus Aetophoros, enthroned with an eagle on his outstretched hand and a scepter, symbolizing divine authority. While the specific engraver is unknown, the quality of execution from Odessos mints often reflects the skilled craftsmanship prevalent in Black Sea Greek cities, maintaining a high artistic standard.

Technical/Grading: This tetradrachm weighs 16.1 grams and measures 29.0 millimeters, consistent with the standard Attic weight system prevalent for these issues. Key high-points for wear and strike quality include the lion's muzzle and Herakles' cheekbone on the obverse, and Zeus's knee and the eagle's head on the reverse. A well-struck example will exhibit sharp details on the lion's mane and Herakles' facial features, as well as clear definition of Zeus's drapery and the eagle's plumage, indicating a strong strike from well-preserved dies.